The European Court of Justice is the highest court in the European Union with respect to matters involving European Union law. It is tasked with interpreting EU laws and ensuring its equal application across all EU member states. The court is assisted by a lower court, the Court of First Instance which has jurisdiction over direct actions brought by natural or legal persons, and by the Civil Service Tribunal which hears cases brought by employees of the EU’s varied institutions. The Court of Justice hears a wide range of cases, including cases involving trade disputes among member states. The Court has competence to rule on applications for annulment or actions for failure to act brought by a Member State or institution, actions against Member States for failure to fulfill obligations, references for a preliminary ruling and appeals against decisions of the Court of First Instance. Although no special business court exists the above courts handle many cases concerning business litigation effectuating competent results.
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